What is a thunderstorm?

An electrical storm, also known as a shower or cloudburst, is a meteorological phenomenon characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere, thunder. These electrical phenomena are produced by the discharge of electricity accumulated in storm clouds, known as cumulonimbus clouds.

Main components

Thunderstorms are not just lightning and thunder. They are also often accompanied by heavy rain, gusts of wind, hail and even, in more extreme situations, they can give rise to tornadoes.

However, lightning is the most distinctive and dangerous component of a thunderstorm. These electrical discharges can reach temperatures five times higher than the surface of the sun and travel at dizzying speeds, impacting the ground in milliseconds.

Origin of your energy

The driving force behind every thunderstorm is energy. This energy originates from the uneven heating of the Earth. As warm, moist air rises, it encounters cooler air in the upper layers of the atmosphere. This thermal shock creates instability, leading to the formation of storm clouds and eventually the release of electricity in the form of lightning.

Thunderstorm intensity classification

Thunderstorms, while they share common characteristics, are not all the same. Depending on their intensity and associated phenomena, they can be classified into different categories, ranging from light events to potentially destructive storms.

Light thunderstorms

They are the most common and are usually short-lived. Although lightning and thunder occur, the amount of precipitation is minimal. These storms generally do not present a great danger, but it is always advisable not to expose yourself openly to lightning.

Moderate thunderstorms

These storms are more intense than light storms and can be accompanied by heavier rain and gusts of wind. Small hail is possible. Electrical activity is more intense, and it is vital to seek shelter when a storm of this nature approaches.

Severe thunderstorms

They are the most intense and dangerous. They are accompanied by torrential rains, strong winds, and large hail. In these storms, there is a risk of flash flooding, falling trees, and damage to infrastructure. In addition, electrical activity is very intense, with frequent lightning and powerful thunder. It is essential to follow the recommendations of the authorities and seek refuge in a safe place.

Determinants of intensity

Several factors determine the intensity of a thunderstorm, including the level of atmospheric instability, the amount of moisture in the air, and the presence of frontal systems or topographic conditions that favor the rapid rise of warm, moist air.

Impact and risks depending on the intensity of the electrical storm

Thunderstorms, depending on their intensity, can have a variety of impacts on our lives and the environment around us. From simple annoyances to devastating consequences, it is essential to understand and anticipate the associated risks.

Impact of light thunderstorms

• Momentary interruptions: These storms can cause brief power outages or interruptions in communication services.
• Discomfort in outdoor activities: Although they are not extremely dangerous, it is advisable to take shelter at the first sign of lightning.

Impact of moderate thunderstorms

• Minor flooding: Heavier rains can cause flooding in low-lying areas or areas with insufficient drainage.
• Falling branches and small objects: Moderate winds can knock down tree branches or displace unsecured objects.
• Extended outages: Electrical service and communications may be affected for a longer period of time.

Impact of severe thunderstorms

• Major and flash flooding: Heavy rainfall can cause devastating flooding, especially in urban areas or areas with rivers and streams.
• Damage to infrastructure: Wind and hail can damage buildings, vehicles, crops and other structures.
• Risk of injury or death: Lightning, falling trees, and hail represent a direct danger to people.
• Prolonged power outages: Severe thunderstorms can cause significant damage to electrical infrastructure, resulting in power outages that can last for hours or even days.

Are you finding this information useful?

We know how crucial it is to be well informed, especially when it comes to natural phenomena as impactful as thunderstorms. If you find this content valuable and want to learn more about how to protect yourself and guarantee the continuity of your activities in the event of any eventuality, we invite you to explore our Blog. 

There, you will find more articles, tips and solutions related to the world of electrical generators and protection against adverse weather events.